Papers on Confined Types

Confined Types for Java (pdf, bib)

Boris Bokowski and Jan Vitek.
Software Practice and Experience, 31(6), 2001 (supercedes "Confined Types" in the Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA'99)).
This paper introduced confined types. The main focus of this paper is to give a definition of confined types that is easy to understand and to program to. It relies on explicit declarations of confined types and anonymous methods. These declarations can then be checked statically. This approach allows the programmer to be explicit about the properties of the code.

Encapsulating Objects with Confined Types (pdf, bib)

Christian Grothoff, Jan Vitek and Jens Palsberg.
Proceedings of the 16th Annual ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages and Applications (OOPSLA'01).
In this paper the constraints for confined types are revised to accomodate inference. This paper introduces Kacheck/J and presents results of a large scale empirical analysis. Confinement violations are discussed and programming techniques to avoid some of them are presented.

Lightweight Confinement for Featherweight Java (pdf, bib)

Tian Zhao, Jens Palsberg and Jan Vitek.
Proceedings of the 18th Annual ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages and Applications (OOPSLA'03).
This paper gives a formalization of the notion of confined types and and proves a static type system that matches the informal rules for Java to be sound. The system is then extended to support generic classes.

Saving the World from Bad Beans: Deployment-time Confinement Checking (pdf, bib)

David Clarke, Michael Richmond and James Noble.
Proceedings of the 18th Annual ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages and Applications (OOPSLA'03).
This paper applies confined types to EJBs. Confinement is used to verify that the component is properly encapsulated inside the bean.